Superantigens - Langley - - Major Reference Works - Wiley Things To Know Before You Buy

Endogenous Droops [modify] Minor lymphocyte stimulating (Mls) exotoxins were initially found in the thymic stromal cells of mice. These contaminants are encoded by SAg genes that were incorporated into the mouse genome from the mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV). The existence of these genes in the mouse genome permits the mouse to reveal the antigen in the thymus as a means of negatively choosing for lymphocytes with a variable Beta area that is susceptible to stimulation by the viral SAg.

Similar endogenous SAg-dependent choice has yet to be identified in the human genome, but endogenous SAgs have actually been found and are presumed of playing an important role in viral infection. Infection by the Epstein, Barr virus, for example, is understood to trigger production of a SAg in infected cells, yet no gene for the contaminant has actually been found on the genome of the infection.

Superantigens – The Immune System Meets Microbes - Technology Networks

Similar results have actually been found with rabies, cytomegalovirus, and HIV. Recommendations [modify] Llewelyn M, Cohen J (March 2002). "Superantigens: microbial representatives that corrupt resistance". Lancet Infect Dis. 2 (3 ): 15662. doi:10. 1016/S1473 -3099( 02 )00222-0. PMID 11944185. Li H., Llera A., Malchiodi E.L., Mariuzza R.A. Rosetta Enzoimmune active of T cell activation by superantigens.

Rev. Immunol. 1999; 17:435466. doi: 10. 1146/annurev. immunol. 17. 1.435. Sriskandan S, Faulkner L, Hopkins P (2007 ). "Streptococcus pyogenes: Insight into the function of the streptococcal superantigens". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 39 (1 ): 129. doi:10. 1016/j. biocel. 2006. 08.009. PMID 17029999. Mehindate K, Thibodeau J, Dohlsten M, Kalland T, Skaly RP, Mourad W (November 1995).

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Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Superantigen Exotoxins Things To Know Before You Get This

J. Exp. Med. 182 (5 ): 15737. doi:10. 1084/jem. 182.5. 1573. PMC. PMID 7595227. Papageorgiou AC, Tranter HS, Acharya KR (March 1998). "Crystal structure of microbial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B at 1. 5 A resolution: ramifications for superantigen acknowledgment by MHC class II molecules and T-cell receptors". J. Mol. Biol.

Superantigens – The Immune System Meets Microbes - Technology Networks

doi:10. 1006/jmbi. 1997.1577. PMID 9514739. Schlievert PM (April 1982). "Improvement of host susceptibility to lethal endotoxin shock by staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C". Infect. Immun. 36 (1 ): 1238. doi:10. 1128/IAI.36. 1.123-128. 1982. PMC. PMID 7042568. Alouf JE, Mller-Alouf H (February 2003). "Staphylococcal and streptococcal superantigens: molecular, biological and medical elements".