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He joined his siblings in the excellent rebellion (117374) versus their father, who invaded Aquitaine twice before Richard submitted and received pardon. Afterwards Keep Checking Back Here was inhabited with reducing baronial revolts in his own duchy. His cruelty exasperated the Gascons, who revolted in 1183 and hired the aid of the "Young King" Henry and his brother Geoffrey of Brittany in an effort to drive Richard from his duchy entirely.

Richard was now successor to England and to Normandy and Anjou (which were concerned as inseparable), and his dad wanted him to yield Aquitaine to his youngest brother, John. But Richard, a true southerner, would not give up the duchy in which he had grown up, and even appealed, against Henry II, to the young king of France, Philip II.

They chased him from Le Mans to Saumur, forced him to acknowledge Richard as his beneficiary, and at last harried him to his death (July 6, 1189). King of England Richard received Normandy on July 20 and the English throne on September 30. Richard, unlike Philip, had just one ambition, to lead the Crusade triggered by Saladin's capture of Jerusalem in 1187.

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Yet he had not become king to preside over the dismemberment of the Angevin empire. He broke with Philip and did not disregard Angevin defenses on the Continent. Open war was averted only due to the fact that Philip also took the Crusader's cross. Richard dipped deep into his father's treasure and offered sheriffdoms and other workplaces.

Coronation procession of Richard I in 1189. The British Library/Robana/REX/ Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Subscribe Now Sicily Richard discovered the Sicilians hostile and took Messina by storm (October 4). To avoid the German emperor Henry VI from ruling their nation, the Sicilians had elected the native Tancred of Lecce, who had actually sent to prison the late king's other half, Joan of England (Richard's sister), and denied her possession of her dower.

This treaty infuriated the Germans, who were likewise participating in the Third Crusade, and it incited Richard's brother John to treachery and disobedience. Richard joined the other Crusaders at Acre on June 8, 1191, having actually conquered Cyprus on his way there. While at Limassol in Cyprus, Richard wed (May 12) Berengaria of Navarre.